Fernández-Álvarez, Pedro; Rodríguez, Ricardo J.
Module Extraction and DLL Hijacking Detection via Single or Multiple Memory Dumps Journal Article
In: Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation, vol. 44, pp. 301505, 2023, ISSN: 2666-2817, (Accepted for publication. To appear. Selected Papers of the Tenth Annual DFRWS Europe Conference).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: digital forensics, DLL hijacking, memory forensics, Volatility, Windows
@article{FR-FSIDI-23,
title = {Module Extraction and DLL Hijacking Detection via Single or Multiple Memory Dumps},
author = {Pedro Fernández-Álvarez and Ricardo J. Rodríguez},
url = {http://webdiis.unizar.es/~ricardo/files/papers/FR-FSIDI-23.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.fsidi.2023.301505},
issn = {2666-2817},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
urldate = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation},
volume = {44},
pages = {301505},
abstract = {A memory dump contains the current state of a system's physical memory at the time of its acquisition. Among other things, it contains the processes that were running at the time of acquisition. These processes can share certain functionalities provided by shared object files, which are internally represented by modules in Windows. However, each process only maps in its address space the functionalities it needs, and not the entire shared object file. In this way, the current tools for extracting modules from existing processes in a memory dump from a Windows system obtain the partial content of the shared object files instead of the entire file. In this paper we present two tools, dubbed Modex and Intermodex, which are built on top of the Volatility 3 framework. These tools allow a forensic analyst to extract a 64-bit module from one or more Windows memory dumps as completely as possible. To achieve this, they aggregate the contents of the same module loaded by multiple processes that were running in the same memory dump or in different dumps (we called it intradump and interdump, respectively). Additionally, we also show how our developed tools are useful to detect dynamic-link library (DLL) hijacking attacks, a widely used attack on Windows where attackers trick processes into loading a malicious DLL instead of the benign one.},
note = {Accepted for publication. To appear. Selected Papers of the Tenth Annual DFRWS Europe Conference},
keywords = {digital forensics, DLL hijacking, memory forensics, Volatility, Windows},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A memory dump contains the current state of a system's physical memory at the time of its acquisition. Among other things, it contains the processes that were running at the time of acquisition. These processes can share certain functionalities provided by shared object files, which are internally represented by modules in Windows. However, each process only maps in its address space the functionalities it needs, and not the entire shared object file. In this way, the current tools for extracting modules from existing processes in a memory dump from a Windows system obtain the partial content of the shared object files instead of the entire file. In this paper we present two tools, dubbed Modex and Intermodex, which are built on top of the Volatility 3 framework. These tools allow a forensic analyst to extract a 64-bit module from one or more Windows memory dumps as completely as possible. To achieve this, they aggregate the contents of the same module loaded by multiple processes that were running in the same memory dump or in different dumps (we called it intradump and interdump, respectively). Additionally, we also show how our developed tools are useful to detect dynamic-link library (DLL) hijacking attacks, a widely used attack on Windows where attackers trick processes into loading a malicious DLL instead of the benign one.